The tools on this page are primarily for assisting with learning outcomes assessment, either at the program level or the institutional level. (Some tools may be useful to certain administrative/educational support units, though, such as the HEDS Research Practices Survey.) A few of these tools are free. The rest are commercial and require payment. Lindenwood welcomes proposals from programs seeking funding for them. Contact The Office of the Provost and Academic Affairs for further information on applying for funding for assessment tools.
The tools listed here represent only a fraction of what is available. For a list of more than 250 assessment tools, visit the Measuring Quality in Higher Education inventory. Each entry is accompanied by the following information: its unit of analysis (i.e., student, faculty, staff, institution), its level of assessment (i.e., program, institution), what it targets (i.e., beliefs or values, knowledge, skills, etc.), and a few lines describing it. Be aware that some of the tools listed here are no longer available. Another guide that compares only the most popular commercially available instruments is the Educational Testing Service's (ETS) report: "A Culture of Evidence: Critical Features of Assessments for Postsecondary Student Learning." It provides a number of handy tables that compare features of various tools. (If you consult it, bear in mind that the report was prepared under the auspices of ETS, which is a commercial testing service provider itself.)
Tools for Field Knowledge Assessment
The tools listed below can assist your program or unit in assessing students' achievement of knowledge and crucial skills in their field.
- Educational Testing Service (ETS) Major Field Test
From the website: "The ETS® Major Field Tests are comprehensive undergraduate and MBA outcomes assessments designed to measure the critical knowledge and understanding obtained by students in a major field of study. The Major Field Tests go beyond the measurement of factual knowledge by helping you evaluate students' ability to analyze and solve problems, understand relationships and interpret material from their major field of study. ETS offers comprehensive national comparative data for the Major Field Tests, enabling you to evaluate your students' performance and compare your program's effectiveness to programs at similar institutions nationwide."
Note: Major Field tests are typically taken in a student's final year of study. Tests are available for bachelor's degree programs in biology, chemistry, computer science, criminal justice, economics, English, mathematics, music, physics, political science, psychology, sociology, and business; and for MBA programs.Area Concentration Achievement Test (ACAT)
Note: Like the ETS's Major Field Tests, the ACATs assess student outcomes in specific fields. ACATs are offered in the following fields (some of which are not covered by ETS's tests): art, agriculture, biology, business, communications, criminal justice, geology, history, English, political science, psychology, and social work. An advantage of the ACATs over the ETS's tests is that they can be customized to better suit a particular institution's major program (with the exception of the art and English tests). Test questions are categorized into content areas, and you choose which content areas to include in order to make the test reflect the particular emphases of your degree program. Pre-testing is also available for certain fields.
Tools for Skill Assessment
The tools listed below can assist your program or unit in assessing students' achievement of key skills, such as critical thinking, reasoning, communication, research practices and working and thinking in a digital environment.
- California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST)
Note: Few things are more difficult and time-consuming to assess than critical thinking, and quantitative assessment of critical thinking is even harder. However, there are a few assessment tools which offer to help with this problem. The most well-known of these is Insight Assessment's CCTST. It is non-discipline-specific test that assesses students on their analytical reasoning, inference, evaluation, deduction, and induction skills. Some versions of the test also evaluate students on interpretation, explanation, and numeracy skills. The test can be administered via Blackboard.- Business Critical Thinking Skills Test (BCTST)
Note: Like Insight Assessment's CCTST, the BCTST assesses critical thinking skills but is designed specifically for students in business undergraduate or graduate programs.- Health Sciences Reasoning Test (HSRT)
Note: Like Insight Assessment's CCTST, the HSRT assesses critical thinking skills but is designed specifically for students in health sciences undergraduate or graduate programs.- Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA+)
Note: The CLA+ is another tool that tests critical thinking, and additionally tests communication skills. A number of schools allow students to take the CLA+ voluntarily, who provide their results, in the form of verified digital badges, to potential employers.- Educational Testing Service (ETS) iSkills Assessment
From the website: "Developed with the assistance of leaders from both two- and four-year colleges, the iSkills assessment requires students to demonstrate their ability to synthesize many different types of data and make sound judgments about what's accurate, relevant and useful."
Note: The iSkills test is an interesting new effort to assess students on increasingly crucial skills: navigating, processing, and making effective use of an information-rich digital environment. While this test may be particularly valuable to programs in communications, it would be worth consideration by any program, or even for use in general education assessment.
Tools for General Education Assessment
The tools listed below are designed for general education assessment.
Collegiate Assessment of Academic Proficiency (CAAP)
Note: ACT's CAAP assesses up to six different skill areas: reading, writing skills, essay writing, mathematics, science, and critical thinking. It has testing modules for each of those skill areas, and an institution may choose which to include on a given test, allowing for the creation of the test that best represents its general education learning outcomes (or the learning outcomes it wishes to assess in a given year).
Educational Testing Service (ETS) Proficiency Profile
Note: ETS's Proficiency Profile assess four skill areas: critical thinking, reading, writing, and mathematics. It comes in two formats: a two-hour version, and an abbreviated forty-minute version. It has options for on-campus, off-campus, online, proctored, and non-proctored administrations.
Miscellaneous Assessment Tools
The items below include a tool for data organization, assessment rubrics, and assignments based on degree proficiencies. All of these materials are free (or have a free option) but are provided for the reader’s convenience.
Tools to Help Organize Assessment Information
Note: Assessment Commons provides links to over a dozen computer programs that can assist you in keeping track of your assessment data. Most of this software requires payment, but at least one program -- openIGOR -- is free to use.
Valid Assessment of Learning in Undergraduate Education (VALUE) rubrics
Note: The goal of these VALUE rubrics is not to be prescriptive or standardizing (institutional tailoring is encouraged), but to work toward a common framework that will allow for a better dialog between institutions on defining and assessing student success. The rubrics may be downloaded for free after registering with the site (also free). There are rubrics available for evaluating the following 16 learning outcomes:
- Intellectual and Practical Skills: inquiry and analysis; critical thinking; creative thinking; written communication; oral communication; reading; quantitative literacy; information literacy; teamwork; problem solving
- Personal and Social Responsibility: civic engagement—local and global; intercultural knowledge and competence; ethical reasoning; foundations and skills for lifelong learning; global learning
- Integrative and Applied Learning: integrative learning
DQP Assignment Library
Note: The Degree Qualification Profile is a project that seeks to define expectations for degree recipients at all degree levels (associate's through master's). This library is one part of the project. It elicits assignments from instructors and matches them to DQP proficiencies, supplying a rationale for the association. Not only is this a good example of thinking about the relationship between assignments and outcomes, but all the assignments here are free to use and/or modify, should you find one you like. NILOA issued a report on the findings that have developed from the creation and use of this library, offering advice on how to catalyze assignment design based on these proficiencies at your institution.
Classroom Assessment Techniques
Instructors perform assessment in the classroom every day as they gauge student progress toward the course's learning objectives. Most of this assessment takes place quite informally, even unconsciously. Both students and instructors may benefit from the use of more formal or structured classroom assessment. Below are several guides to classroom assessment techniques. Many of the techniques they describe take as little as a minute of classroom time, yet can be very useful in determining how well students are understanding the course material.
The Art and Science of Classroom Assessment by Susan M. Brookhart
Note: This book offers advice on making classroom assessment a regular practice in any course.
Call number: LB2822.75 .B76 1999Classroom Assessment Techniques by Thomas A. Angelo and K. Patricia Cross
Note: While somewhat dated, this book is an easy-to-follow guide to building classroom assessment into your courses.
Call Number: LB2822.75 .A54 1993